Best Practises for Access Point Placement

Access Points should form a closed area around the space you want to localize.

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Your Access Point placement defines the localization area.

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High localization performance can not be ensured outside the localization area

Access Point should be as far away as possible inside the localization area

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If your localization area is rectangular, place the Access Points in the corners (if possible)

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Ensure the height between Access Point Positions is as far away as possible. Otherwise high localization performance regarding tag height can not be ensured.

Access Point should be evenly and symmetrically placed in the localization area.

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The placement of the Access Points on each side of the localization area should be as similar as possible.

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For a rectangular room place 4 Access Points in the corners of the room. If you want to add additional Access Points distribute them evenly.

For example:

For 1 additonal Access Point: Celing of the localization area
For 2 additonal Access Points: Middle of the larger two sides of the localization area
For 3 additonal Access Points: Celing and Middle of the larger two sides of the localization area
For 4 additonal Access Points: Middle of each side of the localization area
For 5 additonal Access Points: Celing and Middle of each side of the localization area

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If the Access Points are not placed evenly and symmetrically accross the localization area, the localization performance degrades.

Access Point Front should be placed directed to the center of the localization area.

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The front of the Tag is the side with the LOCONIQ inscription.

Choose Access Point Positions where the line of sight between Access Point and Tag is usually ensured.

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Positions where the sight between Access Point and Tag is constantly blocked (e.g. glass, walls,..) must be avoided. Otherwise high localization performance can not be ensured.

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It is not Possible to always ensure line of sight between Access Point and Tags, but position where the sight is often blocked by humans, machines, etc. should be avoided.

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Blocked sight through a human torso can be as critial as through glass or walls.

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Placing the Access Points very high can mitigate this problem.

Do not place the Access Point close to highly reflecting surfaces.

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Highly reflecting surfaces (metal, glass,...) may degrade the localization performance

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It is not always possible to avoid such positions. The localization performance should still be acceptable.

Example

Assume the following environment.

Your localization area should be the complete room. You have 5 Access Points (AP)

Place the Access Points in the corners to maximize their distances and to form a closed area around the localization area.

Place the 5th Access Point on the ceiling in the center of the localization area.

Your localization area is now defined inside the area of your Access Point Placement.

The Access Points are placed symmetric and even around the localization area.

The Access Points are placed at different heights (as far as possible)

e.g.

• AP1: 105cm
• AP4: 230cm
• AP5: 310cm

This is not optimal, but more is not achievable in this room

The Access Points are directed towards the center of the localization area

E.g. Access Point 1

The Access Point Positions are not close to reflecting surfaces.

The Access Points have almost sight to the whole localization area (except behind tables, chairs,..)

The Access Points can lose sight to the Tag if a human is in the way. This is emphasized if the Access Points are placed at a low height.